景观绿化与城镇居住区热岛效应改善

　　摘要：硬质的建筑、道路和人为排热使环境温度上升而引发热岛效应;绿色植物通过光合作用、蒸腾作用吸收大量热能，如单株植物蒸腾吸热量甚至可达107/m2h以上;树木遮荫可使气温降低1°C以上;合理的植物配置可形成风道，增加空气流通，降低空气温度。提出从中尺度上研究绿化对城镇居住区热岛效应的改善，探索绿化与建筑合理的比例关系，为城镇居住区的理性建设提供依据。

　　关键词：城镇居住区 景观绿化 热岛效应 中尺度

The Improvement of Plant Arrangement on
Urban Habitats’ Heat Island

Hu Yonghong QinJun Wang Limian GaoKai

（Shanghai Botanical Garden，Shanghai，200231 China）

Abstract: The environment temperature is ascended by the architecture, road and man-made heat that form heat island. Through photosynthesis & transpiration, a great deal of heat energy is absorbed. For example, the absorbing heat of a single tree by transpiration is as much as 107/m2h. Air temperature can be decreased more than 1°C through the tree canopy, what’s more, wind aisle can be form by rational plant arrangement to increase the air circulation and decrease air temperature . The suggestion is put forward that the relaxation of urban habitats’ heat island by plant arrangement is studied from mesoscale, such as research the rational proportion of greening and architecture area, to provide principle for urban habitats construction.

Key words: urban habitats, plant arrangement, heat island, mesoscale

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