内蒙古通辽市珠日河草原赛马场

TheMongolian nationality is a nation on horseback and has lived in the vastgrassland in north China since ancient times; they regard vehicles and horsesas “traveling houses” and reside by the river and weed  throughout the year. There are hundreds ofthousands of best horses, brave and vigorous--Mongolian horses in Horqin, whichare good at running.

Horseracing is the favorite traditional sports event of Mongolian people in Horqingrassland. Jirem Horse Racing Festival is the traditional festival of Horqingrassland people. Before the Horse Racing Festival, people of all nationalitieson the grassland rushed to Jurhe from miles or hundreds of miles away by ridingor driving, set up the Mongolian Yurts and took up the tents to meet thisbeautiful holiday - the Jirem Horse Racing Festival in August 18 every year.Herders have been looking forward to a beautiful racecourse to show their happyhorse racing festival, thus they appealed to the Tongliao municipal governmentfor many years. Finally, they got a sum of investment from the government, butthe investment is not enough and the government requires that the investmentmust be put into use in the current day of Jirem Horse Racing Festival, August18. Tongliao City Investment Co., Ltd., the investor designated by thegovernment put forwards the design requirement at the beginning of April thatthe racecourse must be completed within four months.

Thetask, which is almost impossible, is a great challenge. However, when we cameto the vast and beautiful Jurhe grassland for site visit, we saw the MongolianYurts of herdsman on the grassland. The Mongolian Yurts were erected by usingthe wooden “Haana” (cross plaited wicker) to form an enclosed wall and puttingup “Uni” (radial willow stick) on the top, with a “Taonao” (skylight) in themiddle of “Uni”; tying and erecting “Haana” and “Uni” in the shape of a circle;then, covering them with a felt (Haaya Buqi) and fastening them with rope. Itis easy for disassembly and movement and it can be erected within two or threehours.

Inview of the contradictory and united relationship between the nationality anduniversality, between the globalization and regionalization, architecture mustbe rooted in the local and national cultural characteristics and focused on thesustainable development of the national architectural culture.

Welearn the rapid construction method from the nomadic people, copy the simpleand clear force-bearing characteristics of components “Haana” and “Taonao” ofMongolian yurts, adopt the structure and form highly integrated, magnificentbut concise, rhythmic single-layer steel latticed shell dome with “6+1” unitsand construct them in a regular and repeated way, making the rapid constructionand installation become possible.

Thesingle layer reticulated shell unit formed by six squares with the size of 15m*15m and the spherical dome with the radius of 18m is covered on the ordinaryseats on both sides of the rostrum. In order to highlight the shape of rostrum,the single-layer steel latticed shell unit formed by six squares with the sizeof 15m *15m and the spherical dome with the radius of 18m is further cut into apendentive structure, which is covered with a single-layer steel latticed shellstructure - spherical dome with the radius of 9m. These single-layer steellatticed shell elements are supported by groups of two arc shaped cantilever Hbeam, which are hinged on the concrete stand and supported by the four forksteel columns and their concrete H type concrete supports. They jointlyconstitute the stable stand canopy structure. The racecourse covers theconstruction area of 1,220 m2, with height of 17.5 m and 3,012 fixed seats,including 2,610 ordinary seats, 396 VIP seats and 3 non-barrier seats. Allthese form the architectural image with regional characteristics and unity ofform and function.

OnAugust 18, 2014 when the racecourse for Jirem Horse Racing Festival wascompleted and put into use, with sunny day, blue sky, rich milk incense andloud and clear song, the horse riders and the herdsmen as spectators on theJurhe Grassland are full of happy smile. Herdsmen praised the wonderful gameand the beautiful racecourse, whose light and flexible overall image is notonly full of the atmosphere of the times, but also has distict rengionalcharacteristics and cultural heritage.